1·Europeans were familiar with lots of different spices, most important being pepper, cloves, ginger, cinnamon, maize and nutmeg.
欧洲人熟悉许多不同的香料，最重要的是胡椒、丁香、生姜、肉桂、玉米和肉豆蔻。
2·Cloves are the rich, brown, dried, unopened flower buds of syzygium aromaticum, an evergreen tree in the myrtle family.
丁香是常青树上的棕色未开花的花蕾，气味清香，营养丰富，桃金娘科植物的一种。
3·Some of them sell galbanum and nard, and curious perfumes from the islands of the Indian Sea, and the thick oil of red roses and myrrh and little nail-shaped cloves.
他们有些人出售白松香和甘松香，还有来自印度洋岛屿上的奇异香水，浓稠的没药和红玫瑰油，以及如一枚小钉子样的丁香。
4·Some herbs, such as cinnamon or cloves, are so overpowering in taste that any tea containing even small quantities of either will taste like cinnamon or cloves.
一些中药，如桂皮或丁香，在味觉上是如此的强烈，而其他茶尽管只有他们的其中一样或很少分量也会有这样的味道。
5·Place the garlic, salt, chipotles and adobo sauce, cinnamon, cloves, pepper, broth, orange juice and honey in a blender.
放置蒜，盐，墨西哥辣酱和阿波比沙司，肉桂，丁香，胡椒，鸡汤，桔汁以及蜂蜜到搅拌机内。