1·Synthesis of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid through sodium ethoxide catalyzed synthesis of coumarin -3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, followed by saponification, acidolysis cyclization was studied.
实验以水杨醛、丙二酸二乙酯为原料，乙醇钠为催化剂催化合成香豆素- 3 -羧酸乙酯，再经皂化、酸解环合合成香豆素- 3 -羧酸。
2·Methods Apraclonidine was synthesized from P-Nitraniline by reaction with reduction, adding protection group, formylation, chlorination, cyclization, off-protecting group.
方法采用对硝基苯胺为原料，经还原、加保护基、甲酰化、氯化、环合、脱保护基六步反应法可进行化学合成。
3·Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride was prepared from benzoyl chloride by acidylation, hydrogenation, cyclization with an overall yield of 8.05%.
以苯甲酰氯为原料，经酰化，还原，环合等反应合成左旋西替利嗪盐酸盐，反应总收率为8.05%。
4·The mechanism was discussed in the proton acid catalytic reaction of furan phenol cyclization.
探讨了呋喃酚环合反应质子酸催化机理。
5·Also the optimum reaction conditions including formylation, method and reaction time of cyclization were studied to enhance the yield. In the end, their fluorescence spectrum are analyzed.
同时对反应过程中的甲酰化、环合方法、反应时间进行了探讨，优化了反应条件，提高了产率，并对化合物的荧光光谱进行了分析。
1·A possible mechanism for the cyclization reaction was suggested.
提出了可能的环化反应机理。
2·By adjusting the reaction temperature or using different cyclization methods, condensation is carried out, and indanone dimmer and indanone trimer can be obtained respectively.
然后进行缩合，通过调节反应温度或者使用不同的环化方法，可分别得到茚酮的二聚物及三聚物。
1·The mechanism of in-situ cyclization during the foaming and heat treatment was studied using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR).
探讨了相应共聚物在发泡和热处理过程中发生的“原位成环”反应及机理，并利用差示扫描量热分析（DSC）和红外光谱（FTIR）进行了验证。
2·METHODS Bretazenil was synthesized from 3-bromoaniline by cyclization, oxidation and ring-enlargement reaction, etc.
方法以3-溴苯胺为起始原料，经过成环、氧化、扩环等反应得到目标产物。