1·The nitride layer was formed on the surface of ductile cast iron by gas multi-element penetration, and the phase structure and section appearance of nitride layer were analyzed by the XRD and SEM.
球墨铸铁经过气体多元共渗后可在其表面形成氮化层，通过X射线衍射和扫描电镜对渗层的相结构与形貌进行分析。
2·The results obtained from XRD and SEM indicate that water-soluble P2O5 in gypsum reduces the rate of transformation from vaterite to calcite and makes crystalline grains smaller and irregular.
射线衍射、扫描电镜分析表明，水溶性P2O5存在降低了碳酸钙晶型由球霞石向方解石转变的速率，并使碳酸钙晶体晶习变坏。
3·XRD indicated that the main phase of the resulting microcrystalline Mg remained the hexagonal crystal structure and the lattice constants keep the same values with the pure microcrystalline Mg.
射线衍射表明，其主物相仍然是六方晶系的微晶镁，晶胞常数与微晶镁相同。
4·The XRD spectrum indicates that these particles are completely non-crystal.
X射线衍射图谱表明，这种粉末是完全非晶态的。
5·The measurements of XRD, SEM and XPS show that the as - grown BNN film is epitaxial single crystal with smooth surface.
X射线衍射，扫描电子显微镜，X射线光电子能借测量表明生长的BNN膜是外延单晶膜。